VAT Calculator
Calculate VAT (Value Added Tax) instantly. Add VAT to a net amount to get the gross total, or remove VAT from a gross amount to get the net amount. Supports UK (20%), EU rates (19%, 21%, 22%, 23%), and any custom rate.
Calculation Type
Enter the net (pre-tax) amount to calculate VAT and total (gross) amount.
Enter amount and VAT rate to see results
Table of Contents
What is VAT?
VAT (Value Added Tax) is a consumption tax charged on most goods and services in the UK, the EU, and many other countries. It is added at each stage of the supply chain, with businesses typically able to reclaim VAT they pay on their purchases. The standard UK VAT rate is 20%; EU member states use various standard rates (e.g., Germany 19%, France 20%, Spain 21%, Ireland 23%).
When pricing products or processing invoices, you often need to either add VAT to a net (ex-VAT) amount to get the gross price a customer pays, or remove VAT from a gross (VAT-inclusive) amount to find the net amount and the tax portion. This calculator does both in real time.
Key terms:
- Net amount: Price before VAT (exclusive of tax)
- Gross amount: Total price including VAT (inclusive of tax)
- VAT amount: The tax portion (net × rate when adding; gross − net when removing)
How it Works
Our VAT calculator supports two modes:
- Add VAT (Net → Gross): Enter the net (ex-VAT) amount and VAT rate. The calculator shows the VAT amount and the gross (total) amount.
- Remove VAT (Gross → Net): Enter the gross (VAT-inclusive) amount and VAT rate. The calculator shows the VAT amount and the net (ex-VAT) amount.
Use preset VAT rates (e.g., UK 20%, Germany 19%, Spain 21%, Ireland 23%) or enter any custom rate. Results update automatically as you type. All calculations run in your browser; no data is sent to any server.
VAT Formulas
Add VAT (Net → Gross)
VAT Amount = Net Amount × (Rate ÷ 100)
Gross Amount = Net Amount + VAT Amount
Example: Net £100 at 20% VAT → VAT = £20, Gross = £120.
Remove VAT (Gross → Net)
Net Amount = Gross Amount ÷ (1 + Rate ÷ 100)
VAT Amount = Gross Amount − Net Amount
Example: Gross £120 at 20% VAT → Net = £100, VAT = £20.
Common Use Cases
- UK invoicing: Add 20% VAT to net prices for B2B or B2C invoices
- EU cross-border: Work with different EU VAT rates (19%, 21%, 22%, 23%)
- Expense claims: Remove VAT from receipts to get net amount and reclaimable VAT
- Pricing: Set selling prices (gross) from cost (net) plus VAT
- Accounting: Split gross payments into net revenue and VAT for bookkeeping
- Quotes: Quote net and gross amounts for different VAT rates or zero-rated items
Examples
Example 1: Add UK 20% VAT
Net amount: £100
VAT rate: 20%
VAT: £100 × 0.20 = £20
Gross: £100 + £20 = £120
Example 2: Remove 19% VAT (e.g. Germany)
Gross amount: €1,190
VAT rate: 19%
Net: €1,190 ÷ 1.19 = €1,000
VAT: €1,190 − €1,000 = €190
Example 3: Add 23% VAT (e.g. Ireland)
Net amount: €500
VAT rate: 23%
VAT: €500 × 0.23 = €115
Gross: €500 + €115 = €615
Frequently Asked Questions
Net is the amount before VAT (ex-VAT). Gross is the total amount including VAT (VAT-inclusive). For example, a £100 net amount with 20% VAT has a gross amount of £120.
The UK standard VAT rate is 20%. Reduced rates (5%) and zero rates apply to some goods and services. Use the 20% preset for standard UK VAT, or enter a custom rate for reduced or other scenarios.
These are common EU and UK VAT rates: UK 20%, Germany 19%, France 20%, Spain 21%, Italy 22%, Ireland 23%. You can enter any rate you need for your country or scenario.
Results are shown to two decimal places. For official tax or accounting purposes, check your jurisdiction's rounding rules (e.g., round to nearest penny, or per line item).
No. All calculations run in your browser. We do not send or store your amounts or rates on any server.